Overview of UFW Firewall Configuration

UFW (Uncomplicated Firewall) is a front-end for managing iptables firewall rules on Linux. It simplifies the process of configuring the firewall and is ideal for beginners looking to secure their server. This is a tutorial for UFW Firewall Configuration.

Key UFW Firewall Configuration Features

• Easy Setup: Simple syntax to enable or disable firewall rules.
• Support for IPv6: Configurations are compatible with both IPv4 and IPv6.
• Logging: UFW provides basic logging to track firewall activity.
• Learn more about Basic Security
• UFW Essentials

1. Installation:

If ufw is not already installed on your system, you can install it using the package manager for your Linux distribution. For example, on Ubuntu/Debian:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install ufw

On CentOS/RHEL:

sudo yum install ufw

2. Basic Commands:

Enable UFW:

To enable the firewall:

sudo ufw enable

This will also start ufw at boot.

Disable UFW:

To disable the firewall:

sudo ufw disable

Reset UFW:

To reset UFW to its default settings:

sudo ufw reset

3. Managing Rules:

Allow Connections:

To allow connections on a specific port (e.g., SSH on port 22):

sudo ufw allow 22

To allow connections from a specific IP address to a specific port (e.g., allow SSH from 192.168.1.3):

sudo ufw allow from 192.168.1.3 to any port 22

Specify a protocol (e.g., TCP):

sudo ufw allow from 192.168.1.3 to any port 22 proto tcp

To allow a range of ports:

sudo ufw allow 8000:9000/tcp

To allow a specific IP address:

sudo ufw allow from 192.168.1.2

Deny Connections:

To deny connections on a specific port:

sudo ufw deny 8080

To deny a specific IP address:

sudo ufw deny from 192.168.1.3

Delete Rules:

To delete a rule:

sudo ufw delete allow 22

Application Profiles:

ufw supports application profiles. For example, to allow HTTP traffic:

sudo ufw allow 'Nginx Full'

To see a list of available application profiles:

sudo ufw app list

4. Checking Status and Logs:

Check Status:

To check the status of ufw:

sudo ufw status

To view more detailed information:

sudo ufw status verbose

Viewing Logs:

ufw logs are typically available in /var/log/ufw.log:

cat /var/log/ufw.log

You can also use the journalctl command on systems using systemd:

journalctl | grep UFW

5. Default Policies:

Set Default Policies:

You can set the default policies for incoming and outgoing traffic:

sudo ufw default deny incoming
sudo ufw default allow outgoing

Conclusion of UFW Firewall Configuration

Remember to adjust these examples based on your specific needs and requirements. The examples above provide a basic introduction to ufw usage. Always be cautious when configuring firewall rules to avoid locking yourself out of your system. It’s recommended to test rules in a safe environment before applying them in a production setting.